The delete by query API allows to delete documents from one or more indices and one or more types based on a query. The query can either be provided the Query DSL. Here is an example:
import static org.elasticsearch.index.query.xcontent.FilterBuilders.*;
import static org.elasticsearch.index.query.xcontent.QueryBuilders.*;
DeleteByQueryResponse response = client.prepareDeleteByQuery("test")
.setQuery(termQuery("_type", "type1"))
.execute()
.actionGet();
For more information on the delete by query operation, check out the delete_by_query API docs.